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atha vyavasthitān drstvā
dhārtarāstrān kapi-dhvajah
pravrtte śastra-sampāte
dhanur udyamya pāndavah
hrsīkeśam tadā vākyam
idam āha mahī-pate

SYNONYMS
atha — thereupon; vyavasthitān — situated; drstvā — looking upon; dhārtarāstrān — the sons of Dhrtarāstra; kapi-dhvajah — he whose flag was marked with Hanumān; pravrtte — while about to engage; śastra-sampāte — in releasing his arrows; dhanuh — bow; udyamya — taking up; pāndavah — the son of Pāndu (Arjuna); hrsīkeśam — unto Lord Krsna; tadā — at that time; vākyam — words; idam — these; āha — said; mahī-pate — O King.

TRANSLATION
At that time Arjuna, the son of Pāndu, seated in the chariot bearing the flag marked with Hanumān, took up his bow and prepared to shoot his arrows. O King, after looking at the sons of Dhrtarāstra drawn in military array, Arjuna then spoke to Lord Krsna these words.

BG 1.19: The blowing of these different conchshells became uproarious. Vibrating both in the sky and on the earth, it shattered the hearts of the sons of Dhrtarāstra.

SYNONYMS
sah — that; ghosah — vibration; dhārtarāstrānām — of the sons of Dhrtarāstra; hrdayāni — hearts; vyadārayat — shattered; nabhah — the sky; ca — also; prthivīm — the surface of the earth; ca — also; eva — certainly; tumulah — uproarious; abhyanunādayan — resounding.

TRANSLATION
The blowing of these different conchshells became uproarious. Vibrating both in the sky and on the earth, it shattered the hearts of the sons of Dhrtarāstra.

When Bhīsma and the others on the side of Duryodhana blew their respective conchshells, there was no heart-breaking on the part of the Pāndavas. Such occurrences are not mentioned, but in this particular verse it is mentioned that the hearts of the sons of Dhrtarāstra were shattered by the sounds vibrated by the Pāndavas' party. This is due to the Pāndavas and their confidence in Lord Krsna. One who takes shelter of the Supreme Lord has nothing to fear, even in the midst of the greatest calamity.

SYNONYMS
ananta-vijayam — the conch named Ananta-vijaya; rājā — the king; kuntī-putrah — the son of Kuntī; yudhisthirah — Yudhisthira; nakulah — Nakula; sahadevah — Sahadeva; ca — and; sughosa-manipuspakau — the conches named Sughosa and Manipuspaka; kāśyah — the King of Kāśī (Vārānasī); ca — and; parama-isu-āsah — the great archer; śikhandī — Śikhandī; ca — also; mahā-rathah — one who can fight alone against thousands; dhrstadyumnah — Dhrstadyumna (the son of King Drupada); virātah — Virāta (the prince who gave shelter to the Pāndavas while they were in disguise); ca — also; sātyakih — Sātyaki (the same as Yuyudhāna, the charioteer of Lord Krsna); ca — and; aparājitah — who had never been vanquished; drupadah — Drupada, the King of Pāñcāla; draupadeyāh — the sons of Draupadī; ca — also; sarvaśah — all; prthivī-pate — O King; saubhadrah — Abhimanyu, the son of Subhadrā; ca — also; mahā-bāhuh — mighty-armed; śańkhān — conchshells; dadhmuh — blew; prthak prthak — each separately.

TRANSLATION
King Yudhisthira, the son of Kuntī, blew his conchshell, the Ananta-vijaya, and Nakula and Sahadeva blew the Sughosa and Manipuspaka. That great archer the King of Kāśī, the great fighter Śikhandī, Dhrstadyumna, Virāta, the unconquerable Sātyaki, Drupada, the sons of Draupadī, and the others, O King, such as the mighty-armed son of Subhadrā, all blew their respective conchshells.

Sañjaya informed King Dhrtarāstra very tactfully that his unwise policy of deceiving the sons of Pāndu and endeavoring to enthrone his own sons on the seat of the kingdom was not very laudable. The signs already clearly indicated that the whole Kuru dynasty would be killed in that great battle. Beginning with the grandsire, Bhīsma, down to the grandsons like Abhimanyu and others — including kings from many states of the world — all were present there, and all were doomed. The whole catastrophe was due to King Dhrtarāstra, because he encouraged the policy followed by his sons.

SYNONYMS
pancajanyam — the conchshell named Pancajanya; hrsika-isah — Hrsikesa (Krsna, the Lord who directs the senses of the devotees); devadattam — the conchshell named Devadatta; dhanam-jayah — Dhananjaya (Arjuna, the winner of wealth); paundram — the conch named Paundra; dadhmau — blew; maha-sankham — the terrific conchshell; bhima-karma — one who performs herculean tasks; vrka-udarah — the voracious eater (Bhima).

TRANSLATION
Lord Krsna blew His conchshell, called Pancajanya; Arjuna blew his, the Devadatta; and Bhima, the voracious eater and performer of herculean tasks, blew his terrific conchshell, called Paundra.

Lord Krsna is referred to as Hrsikesa in this verse because He is the owner of all senses. The living entities are part and parcel of Him, and therefore the senses of the living entities are also part and parcel of His senses. The impersonalists cannot account for the senses of the living entities, and therefore they are always anxious to describe all living entities as senseless, or impersonal. The Lord, situated in the hearts of all living entities, directs their senses. But He directs in terms of the surrender of the living entity, and in the case of a pure devotee He directly controls the senses. Here on the Battlefield of Kuruksetra the Lord directly controls the transcendental senses of Arjuna, and thus His particular name of Hrsikesa. The Lord has different names according to His different activities. For example, His name is Madhusūdana because He killed the demon of the name Madhu; His name is Govinda because He gives pleasure to the cows and to the senses; His name is Vasudeva because He appeared as the son of Vasudeva; His name is Devaki-nandana because He accepted Devaki as His mother; His name is Yasoda-nandana because He awarded His childhood pastimes to Yasoda at Vrndavana; His name is Partha-sarathi because He worked as charioteer of His friend Arjuna. Similarly, His name is Hrsikesa because He gave direction to Arjuna on the Battlefield of Kuruksetra.
Arjuna is referred to as Dhananjaya in this verse because he helped his elder brother in fetching wealth when it was required by the king to make expenditures for different sacrifices. Similarly, Bhima is known as Vrkodara because he could eat as voraciously as he could perform herculean tasks, such as killing the demon Hidimba. So the particular types of conchshell blown by the different personalities on the side of the Pandavas, beginning with the Lord's, were all very encouraging to the fighting soldiers. On the other side there were no such credits, nor the presence of Lord Krsna, the supreme director, nor that of the goddess of fortune. So they were predestined to lose the battle — and that was the message announced by the sounds of the conchshells.

BG 1.14: On the other side, both Lord Krsna and Arjuna, stationed on a great chariot drawn by white horses, sounded their transcendental conchshells.

SYNONYMS
tatah — thereafter; svetaih — with white; hayaih — horses; yukte — being yoked; mahati — in a great; syandane — chariot; sthitau — situated; madhavah — Krsna (the husband of the goddess of fortune); pandavah — Arjuna (the son of Pandu); ca — also; eva — certainly; divyau — transcendental; sankhau — conchshells; pradadhmatuh — sounded.

TRANSLATION
On the other side, both Lord Krsna and Arjuna, stationed on a great chariot drawn by white horses, sounded their transcendental conchshells.

In contrast with the conchshell blown by Bhismadeva, the conchshells in the hands of Krsna and Arjuna are described as transcendental. The sounding of the transcendental conchshells indicated that there was no hope of victory for the other side because Krsna was on the side of the Pandavas. Jayas tu pandu-putranam yesam pakse janardanah. Victory is always with persons like the sons of Pandu because Lord Krsna is associated with them. And whenever and wherever the Lord is present, the goddess of fortune is also there because the goddess of fortune never lives alone without her husband. Therefore, victory and fortune were awaiting Arjuna, as indicated by the transcendental sound produced by the conchshell of Visnu, or Lord Krsna. Besides that, the chariot on which both the friends were seated had been donated by Agni (the fire-god) to Arjuna, and this indicated that this chariot was capable of conquering all sides, wherever it was drawn over the three worlds.

SYNONYMS
tatah — thereafter; sankhah — conchshells; ca — also; bheryah — large drums; ca — and; panava-anaka — small drums and kettledrums; go-mukhah — horns; sahasa — all of a sudden; eva — certainly; abhyahanyanta — were simultaneously sounded; sah — that; sabdah — combined sound; tumulah — tumultuous; abhavat — became.

TRANSLATION
After that, the conchshells, drums, bugles, trumpets and horns were all suddenly sounded, and the combined sound was tumultuous.

SYNONYMS
tasya — his; sanjanayan — increasing; harsam — cheerfulness; kuru-vrddhah — the grandsire of the Kuru dynasty (Bhisma); pitamahah — the grandfather; simha-nadam — roaring sound, like that of a lion; vinadya — vibrating; uccaih — very loudly; sankham — conchshell; dadhmau — blew; pratapa-van — the valiant.

TRANSLATION
Then Bhisma, the great valiant grandsire of the Kuru dynasty, the grandfather of the fighters, blew his conchshell very loudly, making a sound like the roar of a lion, giving Duryodhana joy.